Ukuncitshiswa kwegesi
I-Piplecle yokuNcitshiswa kwegiya yicandelo elibalulekileyo kwinqwelomoya exhotywe ngeenjini ze-piston okanye iinjini ze-turboprop. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukunciphisa isantya esijikelezileyo se-injini kwisithuba esisezantsi esifanelekileyo sokuqhuba ipropu ngokufanelekileyo. Olu kuncitshiswa kwisantya livumela umphathi ukuba aguqule amandla e-injini ukuba iphose ngokuphumelelayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-oyile kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo.
Igiya yokuncitshiswa kweprojekti iqulethe iigiya ezininzi, kubandakanya igiya ye-drive equlunqwe kwi-injini ye-injini ye-injini kunye negiya eqhutywa kwi-shaft yeproff. Ezi giri ziqhele ukubanjwa okanye zenziwe igiya kwaye zenzelwe i-mesh ngokutyibilikayo ukuhambisa amandla ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwindiza esebenzisa i-Piston - i-piston ene-piston, umlinganiselo wokuncitshiswa kwegiya uqhele kwi-0.5 ukuya kwi-0.5 ukuya kwi-0.6, intsingiselo yokuba ipropu ijikeleza malunga nesiqingatha okanye kancinci ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sesantya senjini. Olu kuncitshiswa kwisantya livumela ipropu ukuba isebenze ekufezekiseni impumelelo, ukuvelisa ingxolo encinci kunye nentshukumo.
Kwinqwelomoya ye-turboprop, igiya yokuncitshiswa isetyenziselwa ukutshatisa ukuphuma ngesantya esiphezulu senjini yerhasi yerhasi ukuya kwisantya esisezantsi esifunwa yipropu. Le gesi yokunciphisa ivumela iinjini ze-turboprop zokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo uluhlu olubanzi lwezantya, zibethelela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenqwelomoya kunye nemishini.
Ngokubanzi, i-Proplection Ukuncitshiswa kwegiya licandelo elibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-Indisari yenqwelo moya, ivumela iinjini zokusebenza ngokukuko kwaye zizolile ngelixa zifuneka kwindiza efunekayo ukubaleka.
Igiya yokufika
Igiya yokufika kwindawo ebalulekileyo yinto ebalulekileyo yenqwelo moya ivumela ukuba ikhuphe, umhlaba, kunye neteksi emhlabeni. Inamavili, i-stuts, kunye nezinye iindlela ezixhasa ubunzima kwinqwelomoya kwaye zinike uzinzo ngexesha lokusebenza komhlaba. Igesi yokufika idla ngokuthatha i-pietting, intsingiselo ingakhuliswa kwi-fussage yenqwelo moya xa indiza ukuze inciphile.
Inkqubo yegiya yokufika ibandakanya izinto ezininzi eziphambili, nganye isebenza umsebenzi othile:
Igiya ephambili yokufika: Eyona giya iphambili iphantsi kwamaphiko kwaye ixhasa uninzi lwenqwelomoya. Inamavili enye okanye engaphezulu exhonywe kwi-struts esuka ezantsi ukusuka kumaphiko okanye kwi-fuselage.
Impumlo yokufumana igiya: I-mpum le gear ifumaneka phantsi kwempumlo yenqwelo moya kwaye ixhasa umphambili wenqwelomoya xa isemhlabeni. Ngokwesiqhelo iqulethe ivili elinye eliqhotyoshelwe kwi-syrut elinyusa ezantsi ukusuka kwi-fussage yenqwelomoya.
I-Abssurs: Iinkqubo zegiya zokufika zihlala zibandakanya i-absenvers eyothusayo ukuba inciphise ifuthe lokufika kunye nokuthatha iteksi kwimiphezulu ephantsi. Ezi bhrisbapsibs zinceda ukukhusela isakhiwo senqwelomoya kunye nezinto zomonakalo.
Indlela yokuRhweba: Indlela yokuphinda ibuyise igesi ivumela igiya yokufika ephakanyiswe kwi-fussage yenqwelomoya. Le ndlela inokubandakanya i-hydraurs okanye i-prouotors enyusa kwaye inciphise igiya yokufika.
Inkqubo yokuqhubela: igiya yokufika ixhotywe ngeebhuleki ezivumela umqhubi wenqwelomoya ukuba acothe kwaye ayeke inqwelo moya ngexesha lokufika kunye neteksi. Inkqubo yokuqhula inokubandakanya izinto ze-hydraumatic okanye ze-pneumatic ezisebenzisa uxinzelelo kumavili ukuba zinciphise.
Indlela yokuqhuba: Ezinye iinqwelo moya zinendlela yokuqhuba kwimpumlo yokufika kwimpumlo evumela ukuba inqwelo moya ikhuphe inqwelo moya ngelixa umhlaba. Le nkqubo idlalwa ngokutsha kwi-rudder ye-rudder ye-rudder
Lilonke, igiya yokufika yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoyilo lwenqwelomoya, liyivumela ukuba isebenze ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo emhlabeni. Uyilo nolwakhiwo lweenkqubo zegesi zokufika ziphantsi kwemigaqo engqongqo kunye nemigangatho yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwe-fless.
I-helikopta yosulelo
I-heliptation yosulelo yehelikopta zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yothungelwano yehelikopta, elinoxanduva lokudlulisela amandla ukusuka kwi-injini ukuya kwi-rotor eyintloko kunye ne-rotor yomthi. Ezi gers zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni iimpawu zehelikopta, ezifana nokuphakamisa, ukuncipha, kunye nokuzinza. Nantsi imiba ephambili yeegiza zothumelo zehelikopta:
Ibalulekile ekugqithiseni amandla kwi-injini ukuya kwi-rour. Iindidi zeegiya ezisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwehelikopta zibandakanya:I-Beves GebGuqula indlela yothumelo lwamandlaIigiya zeplanethi: Vumela i-gear ihlengahlengise i-gear, ephucula uzinzo kunye nolawulo ngexesha lokubaleka
I-Rotor yeRotor ephambili: I-bied yosulelo oluphambili lokuhambisa i-injini ukusuka kwi-injini ukuya kwi-rotor ye-rotor ephambili, eqhuba i-roctor eyintloko. Ezi gire zenzelwe ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kunye nesantya kwaye kufuneka zibe zenjineli ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuhanjiswa komsila: Ukuhanjiswa komsila kwi-rator yokuhambisa i-injini ukusuka kwi-injini kwi-shator yomsila, elawula i-yaw yehelikoptha okanye intshukumo yecala elisecaleni. Ezi girs zihlala zincinci kwaye zilula ngakumbi kunezixhobo eziphambili zokuhambisa iRotor kodwa kufuneka zibekho kwaye zithembekile.
Ukuncitshiswa kwegiya: I-helikoption yosulelo isebenza rhoqo kubandakanya ukuncitshiswa kwe-Geare Ukuhambelana nemveliso yesantya esiphezulu se-injini kwisantya esisezantsi esifunwayo ngoyena jikelezo olufunekayo kunye nelalimi. Olu kuncitshiswa kwisantya livumela iirotors ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zinciphise umngcipheko wokuphumelela koomatshini.
Izixhobo eziphezulu ezinamandla: I-helikoption ye-helikopta idla ngokwenziwa kwizixhobo ezinamandla ezinamandla, ezinje ngentsimbi eqinileyo okanye i-titanium, ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo ekuhlangabezeni ngexesha lokusebenza.
Inkqubo yothumelo: ihelikopta ifuna inkqubo ye-bibrictation enobuchule bokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa ukunxiba. I-loothant kufuneka ikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphakamileyo kunye noxinzelelo kwaye zibonelele ngokukhuselekileyo ekufikeleleni kwingxamo kunye nokungasebenzi.
Ukulungiswa kunye nokuhlolwa: I-Gelikopt yoTshintshelo ifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Naziphi na iimpawu zokunxiba okanye ukonakala kufuneka kujongwe ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukusilela koomatshini.
Ngokubanzi, i-helikopta yosulelo ngamacandelo abalulekileyo egalelo ekusebenzeni okukhuselekileyo nokulungileyo kwehelikopta. Kufuneka zenziwe, zenziwa, kwaye zigcinwe kwimigangatho ephezulu yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusebenza kweenqwelomoya.
Igiya ye-turboprop yokuncitshiswa
Igiya yokuncitshiswa kwe-turboproproP yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwiinjini ze-turboprop, eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwinqwelomoya ukuze zinikezele nge-propulsion. Igesi yokuncitshiswa inoxanduva lokunciphisa iziphumo eziphezulu ze-turbine ye-injini kwisithuba esisezantsi esifanelekileyo sokuqhuba ipropu ngokufanelekileyo. Nantsi imiba ephambili yeegires ze-turboproprop:
Isilinganiselo sokuncitshiswa: Igiya yokuncitshiswa inciphisa ukujikeleza okuphezulu kwe-turbine ye-injini, enokuthintela amashumi amawaka eenguqu ngomzuzu (i-RPM), kwisantya esisezantsi esifanelekileyo kwipropu. Umyinge wokuncitshiswa uphando phakathi kwe-10: 1 ne-20: 1, intsingiselo yokuba ipropu ijikeleza kwisishumi sesantya se-turbine.
Inkqubo yeGenati yePlaneli: Ukuncitshiswa kwe-Turboproprop kuhlala kusebenzisa inkqubo yegiya yeplanethi, enamagiya ephambili yelanga, iplanethi yeplanethi, kunye neringi yeringi. Le nkqubo ivumela ukuncitshiswa kwe-compact kunye nokuncitshiswa kwegiya ezifanelekileyo ngelixa usasaza umthwalo ngokulinganayo phakathi kweegiya.
I-Shoft yesantya esiphezulu: Igiya yokuncitshiswa iqhagamshelwe kwi-suft yesantya sesantya esiphezulu se-turbine ye-injini. Olu shaft lujikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye kufuneka lenzelwe ukumelana noxinzelelo kunye namaqondo obushushu oveliswe yiturbine.
I-Shoft yesantya esiphantsi: I-Shoft yemveliso yegiya yokwehlisa iqhagamshelwe kwipropu kwaye ijikeleze ngesantya esisezantsi kune-shaft yokufaka. Lo shaft udlulisela isantya esincitshisiweyo kwaye i-Torque kwipropu, ivumela ukuba ivelise.
Iibherings kunye nokuthambisa: Ukuncitshiswa kwe-turboproprop yegedi ifuna ukuba iibherings ezisemgangathweni kunye neenkqubo zokucoca ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle nokuthembekileyo. Iibherithi kufuneka zikwazi ukuzimelana ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nemithwalo, ngelixa inkqubo yenyibilikisiwe kufuneka inikezele ngendlela efanelekileyo ukunciphisa ukuxabana nokunxiba.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuSebenza: Uyilo lwegiti yokuncitshiswa kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle nasekwenzeni injini ye-turboproprop. Igiya yokuphucula kakuhle inokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-oyile, ukunciphisa ingxolo kunye nokuntywila, kwaye kwandise ixesha lobomi be-injini kunye nepropu.
Ngokubanzi, igiya yokuncitshiswa kwe-turboproproP yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenjini ze-turboprop, zibavumela ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zithembeke ngelixa zibonelela ngamandla afunekayo kwi-the publion.
Izixhobo zezoLimo ezininzi apho iigiya ezivayo
