I umngxuma wegiyayeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yokuxhasa nokujikeleza koomatshini bokwakha, enokwenza intshukumo ejikelezayo yeizixhobokunye nezinye izinto, kwaye inokudlulisa i-torque kunye namandla kumgama omde. Inezibonelelo zokusebenza kakuhle kokudlulisa, ubomi benkonzo ende kunye nesakhiwo esincinci. Isetyenziswe kakhulu kwaye ibe yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zokudlulisa oomatshini bokwakha. Okwangoku, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo loqoqosho lwasekhaya kunye nokwandiswa kweziseko zophuhliso, kuya kubakho imfuneko entsha yoomatshini bokwakha. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-gear shaft, indlela yonyango lobushushu, ukufakwa kunye nokulungiswa kwesixhobo somatshini, iiparameter zenkqubo ye-hobbing, kunye nokutya konke kubaluleke kakhulu kumgangatho wokucubungula kunye nobomi be-gear shaft. Eli phepha lenza uphando oluthile malunga netekhnoloji yokucubungula ye-gear shaft kumatshini wokwakha ngokwendlela yalo yokusebenza, kwaye licebisa uyilo lokuphucula olufanelekileyo, olubonelela ngenkxaso yobuchwepheshe enamandla yokuphucula itekhnoloji yokucubungula ye-gear shaft yobunjineli.

Uhlalutyo lweTekhnoloji yokuLungisaUmgodi weGearkwiMishini yoKwakha

Ukuze kube lula uphando, eli phepha likhetha i-input gear shaft yakudala kumatshini wokwakha, oko kukuthi, iindawo ze-stepped shaft eziqhelekileyo, ezenziwe zii-splines, iindawo ezijikelezileyo, iindawo ze-arc, amahlombe, ii-grooves, ii-ring grooves, ii-gears kunye nezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukwakheka komphezulu wejiyometri kunye ne-geometric entity. Iimfuno zokuchaneka kwee-gear shafts zihlala ziphezulu, kwaye ubunzima bokucubungula bukhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke amanye amakhonkco abalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokucubungula kufuneka akhethwe kwaye ahlalutywe ngokuchanekileyo, njengezixhobo, ii-involute external splines, ii-benchmarks, i-tooth profile processing, i-heat treatment, njl. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho kunye neendleko zokucubungula ze-gear shaft, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo eziphambili ekucutshungulweni kwe-gear shaft ziyahlalutywa ngezantsi.

Ukukhethwa kwezintoumngxuma wegiya

Iishafti zegiya kumatshini othumelo zihlala zenziwe ngentsimbi engama-45 kwintsimbi yekhabhoni esemgangathweni ophezulu, i-40Cr, i-20CrMnTi kwintsimbi ye-alloy, njl. Ngokubanzi, iyahlangabezana neemfuno zamandla zesixhobo, kwaye ukumelana nokuguguleka kulungile, kwaye ixabiso lifanelekile.

Itekhnoloji yokulungisa okunzima umngxuma wegiya

Ngenxa yeemfuno eziphezulu zamandla e-gear shaft, ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi engqukuva kwi-machining ngqo kudla izinto ezininzi kunye nomsebenzi, ngoko ke ii-forging zihlala zisetyenziswa njengee-blanks, kwaye i-free forging ingasetyenziselwa ii-gear shafts ezinobukhulu obukhulu; ii-die forgings; ngamanye amaxesha ezinye zeegiya ezincinci zinokwenziwa zibe yi-integral blank kunye ne-shaft. Ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-blank blank, ukuba i-forging blank yi-free forging, ukucubungula kwayo kufuneka kulandele umgangatho we-GB/T15826; ukuba i-blank yi-die forging, i-machining allowance kufuneka ilandele umgangatho wenkqubo ye-GB/T12362. Ii-Forging blanks kufuneka zithintele iziphene ze-forging ezifana neenkozo ezingalinganiyo, ii-cracks, kunye nee-cracks, kwaye kufuneka zivavanywe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yovavanyo lwe-forging yesizwe efanelekileyo.

Unyango lokuqala lobushushu kunye nenkqubo yokujika izithuba ezingenanto

Izikhewu ezinee-shafts ezininzi zegiya ikakhulu ziintsimbi zekhabhoni ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy. Ukuze konyuswe ubulukhuni bezinto kwaye kube lula ukucutshungulwa, unyango lobushushu lusebenzisa unyango lobushushu oluqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi: inkqubo yokulungisa, ubushushu obuyi-960 ℃, ukupholisa umoya, kwaye ixabiso lobulukhuni lihlala liyi-HB170-207. Ukulungisa unyango lobushushu kunokuba nefuthe lokucoca iinkozo zokulungisa, ulwakhiwo lwekristale olufanayo, kunye nokususa uxinzelelo lokulungisa, olubeka isiseko sonyango lobushushu olulandelayo.

Injongo ephambili yokujika rhabaxa kukusika isibonelelo somatshini kumphezulu wento engenanto, kwaye ulandelelwano lomatshini womphezulu ophambili luxhomekeke ekukhethweni kwesalathiso sokubeka inxalenye. Iimpawu zeendawo ze-gear shaft ngokwazo kunye neemfuno zokuchaneka komphezulu ngamnye zichaphazeleka yisalathiso sokubeka. Iindawo ze-gear shaft zihlala zisebenzisa i-axis njengesalathiso sokubeka, ukuze isalathiso sidibane kwaye sihambelane nesalathiso soyilo. Kwimveliso yokwenyani, isangqa sangaphandle sisetyenziswa njengesalathiso sokubeka rhabaxa, imingxunya ephezulu kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-gear shaft isetyenziswa njengesalathiso sokuchaneka kokubeka, kwaye impazamo ilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1/3 ukuya kwi-1/5 yempazamo yobukhulu.

Emva kokulungiswa kobushushu, isithuba siyajikwa okanye sigaywe kumacala omabini (silungelelaniswe ngokomgca), emva koko imingxunya esembindini kumacala omabini iyaphawulwa, kwaye imingxunya esembindini kumacala omabini iyagrunjwa, emva koko isangqa esingaphandle sinokugaywa.

Itekhnoloji yoMatshini yokuGqibezela iSangqa sangaphandle

Inkqubo yokujika kancinci yile ilandelayo: isangqa sangaphandle sijika kancinci ngokusekelwe kwimingxuma ephezulu kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-gear shaft. Kwinkqubo yokwenyani yemveliso, ii-gear shafts ziveliswa ngama-batches. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula kunye nomgangatho wokucubungula ii-gear shafts, i-CNC turn idla ngokusetyenziswa, ukuze umgangatho wokucubungula zonke izinto zokusebenza ulawulwe ngenkqubo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, kuqinisekisiwe Ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula ii-batch.

Iindawo ezigqityiweyo zingacinywa kwaye zitshintshwe ngokwemeko yokusebenza kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zeendawo, ezinokuba sisiseko sokucima umphezulu okulandelayo kunye nonyango lwe-nitriding yomphezulu, kwaye kuncitshiswe ukuguquka konyango lomphezulu. Ukuba uyilo alufuni kucima kunye nonyango lwe-tempering, lunokungena ngqo kwinkqubo ye-hobbing.

Itekhnoloji yoMatshini weGear Shaft Tooth kunye neSpline

Kwinkqubo yokudlulisa oomatshini bokwakha, iigiya kunye nee-spline zezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokudlulisa amandla kunye ne-torque, kwaye zifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu. Iigiya zihlala zisebenzisa ukuchaneka kwebanga lesi-7-9. Kwiigiya ezinobuchaneka bebanga lesi-9, zombini ii-gear hobbing cutters kunye nee-gear shaping cutters zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeegiya, kodwa ukuchaneka komatshini wee-gear hobbing cutters kuphezulu kakhulu kune-gear shaping, kwaye kuyafana nokusebenza kakuhle; Iigiya ezifuna ukuchaneka kwebanga lesi-8 zinokuchetywa okanye zichetywe kuqala, emva koko zicutshungulwe ngamazinyo e-truss; kwiigiya ezichaneke kakhulu zebanga lesi-7, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokobukhulu bebhetshi. Ukuba yibhetshi encinci okanye isiqwenga esinye. Kwimveliso, inokucutshungulwa ngokwe-hobbing (grooving), emva koko ngokusebenzisa i-high-frequency induction heating and quenching kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango lomphezulu, kwaye ekugqibeleni ngenkqubo yokugaya ukufezekisa iimfuno zokuchaneka; ukuba yi-processing enkulu, i-hobbing yokuqala, emva koko ukucheba. , kwaye emva koko i-high-frequency induction heating and quenching, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukulola. Kwiigiya ezineemfuno zokucima, kufuneka zicutshungulwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu kunenqanaba lokuchaneka komatshini elifunekayo kwimizobo.

Ii-splines ze-gear shaft zihlala zineentlobo ezimbini: ii-splines eziziingxande kunye nee-splines ze-involute. Kwii-splines ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo, kusetyenziswa amazinyo aqengqelekayo kunye namazinyo okugaya. Okwangoku, ii-splines ze-involute zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo loomatshini bokwakha, ezine-engile yoxinzelelo ye-30°. Nangona kunjalo, itekhnoloji yokucubungula ii-splines ze-gear shaft ezinkulu inzima kwaye ifuna umatshini wokugaya okhethekileyo wokucubungula; ukucubungula okuncinci kunokusetyenziswa. Ipleyiti yokukhomba icutshungulwa yingcali ekhethekileyo enomatshini wokugaya.

Ingxoxo malunga nobuchwephesha bokunyibilikisa amazinyo okanye ubuchwephesha bokunyanga ukucinywa kwamazinyo

Umphezulu we-gear shaft kunye nomphezulu wobubanzi bomngxuma obalulekileyo zihlala zifuna unyango lomphezulu, kwaye iindlela zonyango lomphezulu ziquka unyango lwe-carburizing kunye nokucima umphezulu. Injongo yokuqinisa umphezulu kunye nonyango lwe-carburizing kukwenza umphezulu we-shaft ube nobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Amandla, ukuqina kunye ne-plasticity, ngokuqhelekileyo amazinyo e-spline, imingxunya, njl. azidingi unyango lomphezulu, kwaye zifuna ukucutshungulwa ngakumbi, ngoko ke faka ipeyinti ngaphambi kokuba i-carburizing okanye icime umphezulu, emva kokuba unyango lomphezulu lugqityiwe, cofa kancinci uze uwele, unyango lokucima kufuneka luqwalasele impembelelo yezinto ezinje ngobushushu bolawulo, isantya sokupholisa, i-medium yokupholisa, njl. Emva kokucima, jonga ukuba igobile okanye ayilunganga. Ukuba ukuguquka kukhulu, kufuneka kususwe uxinzelelo kwaye kubekwe ukuze kuguqulwe kwakhona.

Uhlalutyo lwe-Center Hole Grinding kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokugqiba umphezulu

Emva kokuba umngxuma wegiya ulungisiwe phezu komhlaba, kuyimfuneko ukugawula imingxunya ephezulu kuzo zombini iziphelo, kwaye usebenzise umphezulu womhlaba njengesalathiso esincinci sokugawula ezinye iindawo zangaphandle ezibalulekileyo kunye neziphelo. Ngokufanayo, usebenzisa imingxunya ephezulu kuzo zombini iziphelo njengesalathiso esincinci, gqibezela ukugawula iindawo ezibalulekileyo kufutshane nomngxuma de kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokuzoba.

Uhlalutyo lweNkqubo yokugqiba umphezulu wezinyo

Ukugqitywa komphezulu wezinyo kukwathatha imingxunya ephezulu kwiziphelo zombini njengesalathiso sokugqiba, kwaye kugaywe umphezulu wezinyo kunye nezinye iindawo de kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokuchaneka ekugqibeleni.

Ngokubanzi, indlela yokucubungula imijikelo yegiya yoomatshini bokwakha yile: ukugquma, ukubumba, ukuqhelelanisa, ukujika okurhabaxa, ukujika okucolekileyo, ukugoba okurhabaxa, ukugoba okucolekileyo, ukugawula, ukususa i-spline, ukucima umphezulu okanye i-carburizing, ukugoba umngxuma ophakathi, umphezulu ongaphandle obalulekileyo kunye nokugoba kobuso obupheleleyo. Iimveliso zokugoba zomphezulu ongaphandle obalulekileyo kufutshane nomngxuma ojikayo ziyahlolwa kwaye zibekwe kwindawo yokugcina.

Emva kwesishwankathelo sendlela yokusebenza, indlela yangoku yenkqubo kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yeshaft yegiya zinjengoko zibonisiwe apha ngasentla, kodwa ngophuhliso lweshishini lanamhlanje, iinkqubo ezintsha kunye neetekhnoloji ezintsha ziyaqhubeka nokuvela kwaye zisebenza, kwaye iinkqubo ezindala ziphuculwa kwaye zisetyenziswa rhoqo. Itekhnoloji yokucubungula nayo itshintsha rhoqo.

ukuququmbela

Itekhnoloji yokucubungula i-gear shaft inefuthe elikhulu kumgangatho we-gear shaft. Ukulungiswa kwetekhnoloji nganye ye-gear shaft kunobudlelwane obubaluleke kakhulu nendawo yayo kwimveliso, umsebenzi wayo kunye nendawo yeendawo zayo ezinxulumene nayo. Ke ngoko, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wokucubungula i-gear shaft, kufuneka kuphuhliswe itekhnoloji yokucubungula efanelekileyo. Ngokusekelwe kumava okwenyani emveliso, eli phepha lenza uhlalutyo oluthile lwetekhnoloji yokucubungula i-gear shaft. Ngengxoxo eneenkcukacha malunga nokukhethwa kwezixhobo zokucubungula, unyango lomphezulu, unyango lobushushu kunye netekhnoloji yokucubungula yokusika ye-gear shaft, lishwankathela indlela yokwenza imveliso ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wokucubungula kunye nokufakelwa kwe-gear shaft. Itekhnoloji yokucubungula efanelekileyo phantsi kwemeko yokusebenza kakuhle inika inkxaso ebalulekileyo yobugcisa ekucutshungulweni kwe-gear shafts, kwaye ikwabonelela ngereferensi elungileyo yokucubungula ezinye iimveliso ezifanayo.