Iigiya zeZixhobo zoKwemba
Izixhobo zokomba kwishishini leoli kunye negesi zisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.Iigiya ze-Spur,iigiya ze-helical, iigiya zangaphakathi, iigiya ze-bevel spiral bevel gears, iigiya ze-hypoid, iigiya zeentshulube kunye noyilo lwe-oemEzi giya zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuchaneka kunye nokhuseleko lwemisebenzi yokomba. Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziphambili zezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwisixhobo sokomba:
- Isixhobo seTheyibhile eRotary:Iitheyibhile ezijikelezayo zisetyenziselwa i-drilling rigs ukubonelela ukunyakaza okujikelezayo okufunekayo ukuguqula umtya we-drill kunye ne-drill bit eqhotyoshelweyo. Lo matshini wegiya uvumela ujikelezo olulawulwayo lomtya wokugrumba ukungena kumphezulu womhlaba.
- Phezulu Qhuba iGear:Iidrive eziphezulu ziyindlela yanamhlanje kwiitafile ezijikelezayo kwaye zibonelela ngamandla ajikelezayo ngokuthe ngqo kumtya wokubhola ukusuka phezulu. Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kusebenzisa iigiya ukuhambisa itorque kunye nentshukumo ejikelezayo ngokufanelekileyo ukusuka kwiimotor zokuqhuba ukuya kumtya wokuqhuba.
- Izixhobo zokuzoba:Imizobo inoxanduva lokunyusa nokuthoba umtya wokugrumba ukungena nokuphuma kumthombo. Basebenzisa inkqubo entsonkothileyo yeegiya, kubandakanywa iigiya zesithsaba, iigiya zepinion, kunye nezixhobo zegubu, ukulawula umsebenzi wokunyuswa ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo.
- IsiXhobo seMpompo yodaka:Iimpompo zodaka zisetyenziselwa ukujikelezisa ulwelo lokomba (udaka) phantsi komtya wokugrumba kunye nokubuyisela phezulu phezulu ngexesha lomsebenzi wokomba. Ezi mpompo zisebenzisa iigiya ukuqhuba iipiston okanye iirotha ezenza uxinzelelo olufunekayo ukujikeleza udaka.
- Isixhobo sokuHomisa:Ukongeza kwimizobo yokuzoba, iirigi zokomba zinokuba nezixhobo ezincedisayo zokuphakamisa izixhobo ezinzima kunye nezixhobo kumgangatho werig. Le nkqubo yegiya ihlala ibandakanya ii-winches, amagubu, kunye neegiya zokulawula ukuhamba kwemithwalo ngokukhuselekileyo.
- Ugqithiso lweGearbox:Ezinye izixhobo zokomba, ezinjengeenjini kunye neejenereyitha, zinokuba neebhokisi zegiya zokuhambisa ukulawula isantya kunye netorque. Ezi bhokisi zegiya ziqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo ohlukeneyo.
- Qhuba iiGears kwiZixhobo eziNcedisayo:Iirigi zokomba zihlala zinezixhobo ezincedisayo ezinjengeempompo, iijeneretha, kunye neecompressors, ezinokubandakanya iigiya ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa amandla kunye nolawulo.
Le yeminye yemizekelo yeegiya ezisetyenziswayo xa kugrunjwa kushishino lweoyile negesi. Uhlobo ngalunye lwegiya ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokomba, ukusuka ekuboneleleni ngentshukumo ejikelezayo ukuya ekuphakamiseni imithwalo enzima kunye nolwelo olujikelezayo lokomba. Iinkqubo zezixhobo ezifanelekileyo nezithembekileyo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yemisebenzi yokomba ngelixa kugcinwa ukhuseleko kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla.
Iiyunithi zokucoca kwishishini leoli negesi zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye noomatshini bokulungisa i-oyile ekrwada kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zepetroleum. Ngelixa iigiya zisenokungabonakaliswa ngokubalaseleyo kwiiyunithi zokucoca xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokomba, kusekho usetyenziso oluninzi apho iigiya ziyimfuneko. Nantsi eminye imizekelo yezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiiyunithi zokucokisa:
- Isixhobo esiJikelezayo:Iiyunithi zokucoca zihlala zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezijikelezayo ezinjengeempompo, iicompressors, kunye neeturbines, ezifuna iigiya zokuhambisa amandla kunye nolawulo lwesantya. Ezi zixhobo zinokubandakanya i-helical, spur, bevel, okanye iigiya zeplanethi ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo kunye neemfuno.
- Iibhokisi zegiya:Iibhokisi zegiya ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiiyunithi zokucoca ukuhambisa amandla kunye nokulungelelanisa isantya sezixhobo ezijikelezayo. Basenokuqeshwa kwiimpompo, kwiifeni, kwizivuthelo nakwabanye oomatshini ukuze batshatise isantya sesixhobo kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezifunwayo.
- IsiXhobo sokuxuba:Iiyunithi zokucoca zinokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuxuba ezinje ngee-agitators okanye abaxube kwiinkqubo ezinjengokudibanisa okanye ukumiliselwa. Iigesi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ii-blades zokuxuba okanye i-shafts, ukuqinisekisa ukuxuba okusebenzayo kunye ne-homogenization yamanzi okanye izinto ezicutshungulwayo.
- Ii-Conveyors kunye ne-elevators:Iiyunithi zokucoca zinokusebenzisa izihambisi kunye neelevator ukuthutha imathiriyeli phakathi kweeyunithi zokusetyenzwa okanye izigaba ezahlukeneyo. Iigiya zizinto ezidityanisiweyo zezi nkqubo, zibonelela ngokuhanjiswa kwamandla ukuhambisa imathiriyeli ngokufanelekileyo kumabhanti okuhambisa okanye ukuwaphakamisa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
- IiActuators zeValve:Iivalvu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukuhamba kolwelo kwiiyunithi zokucoca. I-actuator yombane, i-pneumatic, okanye i-hydraulic actuators ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi wevalvu ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye ezi zishukumisi zinokubandakanya iigiya zokuguqula amandla okufaka kwintshukumo efunekayo yevalvu.
- Iinqaba zokupholisa:Iinqaba zokupholisa zibalulekile ekususeni ubushushu kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokucoca. Iifeni ezisetyenziswa kwiinqaba zokupholisa zinokuqhutywa ziigiya zokulawula isantya sefeni kunye nokuhamba komoya, kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa kwenqaba.
Ngelixa iigiya zisenokungabonakali ngokubonakalayo kwiiyunithi zokucoca njengakwisixhobo sokomba, zisabalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembekileyo kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwindawo yokucokisa. Ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo, ukugcinwa, kunye nokuthambisa iigiya kubalulekile ekwandiseni imveliso yokucoca kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla.
Iigiya zemibhobho
Kwimibhobho yothutho lweoyile negesi, iigiya ngokwazo aziqeshwa ngokuthe ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye namacandelo ngaphakathi kweenkqubo zemibhobho zinokusebenzisa iigiya kwimisebenzi ethile. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
- Iibhokisi zePump:Kwimibhobho, iimpompo zisetyenziselwa ukugcina ukuhamba kweoli okanye igesi kumgama omde. Ezi mpompo zihlala zibandakanya iibhokisi zegiya ukulawula isantya kunye netorque yeshafti ejikelezayo yempompo. Iibhokisi zegiya zivumela iimpompo ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kumazinga okuqukuqela afunekayo, ukoyisa ilahleko yokungqubana kunye nokugcina uxinzelelo ecaleni kombhobho.
- IiActuators zeValve:Iivalvu zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwimibhobho yokulawula ukuhamba kweoyile okanye igesi. I-Actuator, efana nombane, i-pneumatic, okanye i-hydraulic actuators, isetyenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi wevalve ngokuzenzekelayo. Ezinye ii-activators zinokusebenzisa iigiya ukuguqula amandla egalelo libe yintshukumo yevalvu efunekayo, ukuqinisekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba kolwelo kumbhobho.
- Iibhokisi zeGearbox zeCompressor:Kwimibhobho yegesi yendalo, i-compressors isetyenziselwa ukugcina uxinzelelo kunye namazinga okuhamba. Iinkqubo zeCompressor zihlala zibandakanya iibhokisi zegiya zokuhambisa amandla ukusuka kwi-prime mover (enje ngemoto yombane okanye i-iturbine yegesi) ukuya kwicompressor rotor. Iibhokisi zegiya zenza ukuba icompressor isebenze ngesantya esiphezulu kunye netorque, yandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka.
- Isixhobo sokulinganisa iimitha:Imibhobho inokubandakanya izikhululo zokulinganisa umlinganiselo wokuhamba kunye nomthamo we-oyile okanye irhasi edlula kumbhobho. Ezinye izixhobo zokulinganisa iimitha, ezinjengeemitha zeinjini yomoya okanye iimitha zegiya, zinokusebenzisa iigiya njengenxalenye yendlela yokulinganisa ukuhamba.
- Izixhobo zokuQhuba:Iihagu zePipeline zizixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ulondolozo kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlola ngaphakathi kwemibhobho, efana nokucoca, ukuhlola, kunye nokwahlula iimveliso ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye izixhobo zokukhwela iihagu zinokusebenzisa iigiya zokuqhuba okanye zokulawula, nto leyo evumela ihagu ukuba ihambe embhobho ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngelixa iigiya ngokwazo zisenokungaqeshwa ngokuthe ngqo kulwakhiwo lombhobho, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwezixhobo kunye namacandelo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yemibhobho. Ukukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukufakela, kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo eziqhutywa ngegiya kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwemibhobho yeoli nerhasi.
Iivalvu zoKhuseleko kunye neeGear zeZixhobo
Iivalvu zokhuseleko kunye nezixhobo kwiindawo zoshishino, kubandakanywa nezo zisetyenziswa kwishishini leoli kunye negesi, zibalulekile ekugcineni iimeko zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokukhusela iingozi. Ngelixa iigiya zisenokungasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiivalvu zokhuseleko ngokwazo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zokhuseleko zinokubandakanya iigiya okanye izixhobo ezifana negiya ekusebenzeni kwazo. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
- IiValufa zoNcedo loxinzelelo:Iivalve zokunciphisa uxinzelelo zizixhobo zokhuseleko ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuthintela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwizixhobo kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho. Ezinye iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo zinokusebenzisa ii-actuator ukuvula okanye ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo ivalve ukuphendula utshintsho kuxinzelelo. Ezi actuators zinokubandakanya izixhobo zegiya ukuguqula intshukumo yomgama we-activator ibe yintshukumo ejikelezayo efunekayo ekusebenzeni kwevalve.
- IiNkqubo zokuValwa ngokuNgxamisekileyo:Iinkqubo zokuvala ezingxamisekileyo (ESD) zenzelwe ukuvala ngokukhawuleza izixhobo kunye neenkqubo kwimeko yongxamiseko, njengomlilo okanye ukuvuza kwegesi. Ezinye iisistim ze-ESD zinokusebenzisa iigiya okanye iibhokisi zegiya njengenxalenye yeendlela zazo zokulawula ukuvuselela iivalvu okanye ezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko ekuphenduleni umqondiso kaxakeka.
- Iinkqubo ezinxibelelanayo:Iinkqubo ezidibeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela iimeko ezingakhuselekanga ngokuqinisekisa ukuba izenzo ezithile zingenziwa kuphela ngokulandelelana okuthile okanye phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ezi nkqubo zinokubandakanya iigesi okanye iindlela ezifana nezixhobo zokulawula ukuhamba kwee-interlocks zomatshini, ukuthintela imisebenzi engagunyaziswanga okanye engakhuselekanga.
- Izixhobo zoKhuseleko olugqithisiweyo:Izixhobo zokukhusela ukulayisha ngaphezulu zisetyenziselwa ukuthintela izixhobo ekusebenzeni ngaphaya komthamo owenziweyo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo okanye ukungaphumeleli. Ezinye izixhobo zokukhusela umthwalo ogqithisileyo unokusebenzisa iigiya okanye iibhokisi zegiya ukuze zisebenze iintambo zoomatshini okanye iziqhoboshi, zikhuphe inkqubo yokuqhuba xa kufunyaniswa imithwalo egqithisileyo.
- Iinkqubo zokuchongwa koMlilo negesi:Iinkqubo zokubona umlilo kunye negesi zisetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni ubukho beegesi ezinokutsha okanye umsi kwiindawo zoshishino. Ezinye iisistim zokubona zinokusebenzisa iigiya okanye izixhobo eziqhutywa ngegiya ukusebenzisa iivalvu, iialam, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko ukuphendula kwiingozi ezichongiweyo.
Ngelixa iigiya zisenokungabi yingqwalasela ephambili yeevalvu zokhuseleko kunye nezixhobo, zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuthembekileyo nokusebenzayo kwezi nkqubo zokhuseleko. Uyilo olufanelekileyo, ukufakwa, kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko eziqhutywa ngegiya zibalulekile ekugcineni indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kwiindawo zoshishino, kubandakanywa nezo zikwishishini le-oyile negesi.
I-Oli engakumbi neGesi apho iBelon Gears
