IiGiya zelori yoMxubi
Iilori zokuxuba, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-concrete okanye ii-samente mixers, zihlala zinezixhobo ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo kunye neegiya ezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwazo. Ezi giya zinceda ekuxubeni nasekuthutheni i-concrete ngokufanelekileyo. Nazi ezinye zegiya eziphambili ezisetyenziswa kwiilori zokuxuba:
- Ukuxuba Igubu:Le yeyona nto iphambili kwilori yokuxuba. Ijikeleza rhoqo ngexesha lokuhamba ukuze umxube wekhonkrithi ungaqini. Ukujikeleza kuqhutywa ziimoto ze-hydraulic okanye ngamanye amaxesha yinjini yelori ngenkqubo yokuthatha amandla (PTO).
- Inkqubo yeHydraulic:Iilori zokuxuba zisebenzisa iinkqubo ze-hydraulic ukunika amandla imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, kuquka ukujikeleza idrama yokuxuba, ukusebenza kwe-discharge chute, kunye nokuphakamisa okanye ukwehlisa idrama yokuxuba ukuze kulayishwe kwaye kukhutshwe. Iipompo ze-hydraulic, ii-motor, ii-cylinders, kunye neevalvu zizinto ezibalulekileyo zale nkqubo.
- Uthumelo:Inkqubo yokudlulisa amandla inoxanduva lokudlulisa amandla ukusuka kwinjini ukuya kumavili. Iilori zokuxuba zihlala zine-transmissions ezinzima ezenzelwe ukuphatha umthwalo kwaye zinike amandla afunekayo okuhambisa imoto, ingakumbi xa ilayishwe ngesamente.
- Injini:Iilori zokuxuba zixhotyiswe ngeenjini ezinamandla ukubonelela ngamandla afunekayo okuhamba ngemithwalo enzima nokusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-hydraulic. Ezi njini zihlala zisebenza ngedizili ngenxa ye-torque yazo kunye nokonga ipetroli.
- Umahluko:Ukuhlanganiswa kwegiya yokwahluka kuvumela amavili ukuba ajikeleze ngesantya esahlukileyo ngelixa ejika iikona. Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo kunye nokuthintela ukuguguleka kwamatayara kwiilori zokuxuba, ingakumbi xa uhamba kwiindawo ezixineneyo okanye kumhlaba ongalinganiyo.
- Uloliwe wokuqhuba:Izixhobo zokuqhuba, kuquka ii-axles, ii-driveshafts, kunye nee-differentials, zisebenza kunye ukuhambisa amandla ukusuka kwinjini ukuya kumavili. Kwiilori zokuxuba, ezi zixhobo zakhiwe ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nemithwalo enzima kwaye zibonelele ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo.
- Itanki yamanzi kunye nePompo:Iilori ezininzi zokuxuba zinetanki yamanzi kunye nenkqubo yokumpompa yokongeza amanzi kumxube wekhonkrithi ngexesha lokuxuba okanye ukucoca idrama yokuxuba emva kokusetyenziswa. Ipompo yamanzi idla ngokusebenza ngemoto ye-hydraulic okanye yombane.
Ezi giya kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo zisebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa ukuba iilori zokuxuba zinokuxuba, zithuthe, kwaye zikhuphe ikhonkrithi ngokufanelekileyo kwiindawo zokwakha. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kwezi giya kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
Izixhobo zeSityalo sokuBatching Concrete
Isityalo sokudibanisa i-concrete, esaziwa ngokuba sisityalo sokuxuba i-concrete okanye isityalo sokudibanisa i-concrete, sisixhobo esidibanisa izithako ezahlukeneyo ukwenza i-concrete. Ezi zityalo zisetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zokwakha apho kufuneka unikezelo oluqhubekayo lwe-concrete esemgangathweni ophezulu. Nazi izinto eziphambili kunye neenkqubo ezibandakanyekayo kwisityalo esiqhelekileyo sokudibanisa i-concrete:
- Iibhini eziDibeneyo:Ezi zitya zigcina iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezidityanisiweyo ezifana nesanti, igrabile, kunye namatye atyumkileyo. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zilinganiswa ngokwendlela efunekayo yoyilo lomxube kwaye emva koko zikhutshelwa kwibhanti yokuhambisa ukuze zithuthwe ziye kwiyunithi yokuxuba.
- Ibhanti lokubonisa:Ibhanti yokuhambisa ithwala ii-aggregates ukusuka kwiibhini ze-aggregate ukuya kwiyunithi yokuxuba. Iqinisekisa ukunikezelwa okuqhubekayo kwee-aggregates zenkqubo yokuxuba.
- IiSilo zeSamente:Ii-silo zesamente zigcina isamente ngobuninzi. Isamente idla ngokugcinwa kwii-silos ezineenkqubo zomoya kunye nolawulo ukugcina umgangatho wesamente. Isamente ikhutshwa kwii-silos ngee-pneumatic okanye ii-screw conveyors.
- Ugcino lwamanzi kunye neeTanki ezongeziweyo:Amanzi sisithako esibalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwekhonkrithi. Izityalo zokubopha ikhonkrithi zineetanki zokugcina amanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi ahlala efumaneka kwinkqubo yokuxuba. Ukongeza, iitanki zokongeza zinokufakwa ukugcina nokukhupha izongezo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezixube, izinto zokufaka imibala, okanye iifayibha.
- Izixhobo zokudibanisa:Izixhobo zokudibanisa, ezifana nee-hoppers zokulinganisa, izikali, kunye neemitha, zilinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zisasaze izithako kwiyunithi yokuxuba ngokwendlela yoyilo oluchaziweyo lokuxuba. Izityalo zokudibanisa zanamhlanje zihlala zisebenzisa iinkqubo zolawulo zekhompyutha ukuze zenze le nkqubo ibe ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ziqinisekise ukuchaneka.
- Iyunithi yokuxuba:Iyunithi yokuxuba, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-mixer, kulapho izithako ezahlukeneyo zidityaniswe khona ukuze zenze ikhonkrithi. I-mixer ingaba yi-drum mixer engashukumiyo, i-twin-shaft mixer, okanye i-planetary mixer, kuxhomekeke kuyilo kunye nomthamo wesityalo. Inkqubo yokuxuba iqinisekisa ukuxubana ngokupheleleyo kwee-aggregates, isamente, amanzi, kunye nezongezo ukuvelisa umxube wekhonkrithi ofanayo.
- Inkqubo yoLawulo:Inkqubo yolawulo ijonga kwaye ilawula yonke inkqubo yokudibanisa. Ijonga ubungakanani bezithako, ilawula ukusebenza kwee-conveyors kunye nee-mixers, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nomgangatho wekhonkrithi eveliswayo. Izityalo zokudibanisa zanamhlanje zihlala zineenkqubo zokulawula zekhompyutha eziphambili ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo.
- Igumbi loLawulo lweZityalo zeBatch: Kulapho abaqhubi bejonga kwaye belawula inkqubo yokudibanisa. Ngokwesiqhelo ligcina ujongano lwenkqubo yolawulo, izixhobo zokujonga, kunye neekhonsoli zabaqhubi.
Izityalo zokubopha i-concrete ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye namandla ahlukeneyo ukuze zihambelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zeprojekthi. Zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukunikezelwa kwekhonkrithi esemgangathweni ophezulu ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zokwakha, ukusuka kwizakhiwo zokuhlala ukuya kuphuhliso olukhulu lweziseko zophuhliso. Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokugcinwa kwezityalo zokubopha i-concrete kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kwekhonkrithi rhoqo kunye nempumelelo yeprojekthi.
Izixhobo zokumba
Ii-excavator ziimatshini ezintsonkothileyo ezenzelwe ukumba, ukudiliza, kunye neminye imisebenzi yokufudusa umhlaba. Zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zoomatshini ukufezekisa ukusebenza kwazo. Nazi ezinye zezixhobo eziphambili kunye nezixhobo ezifumaneka rhoqo kwii-excavator:
- Inkqubo yeHydraulic:Abembi bezinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-hydraulic baxhomekeke kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic ukuze banike amandla ukuhamba kwazo kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo. Iimpompo ze-hydraulic, ii-motor, ii-cylinder, kunye neevalvu zilawula ukusebenza kwe-boom, ingalo, ibhakethi kunye nezinye izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-excavator.
- Izixhobo zokujika:I-swing gear, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-slew ring okanye i-swing bearing, yi-ring gear enkulu evumela isakhiwo esingaphezulu se-excavator ukuba sijikeleze ii-degrees ezingama-360 kwi-undercarriage. Iqhutywa zii-hydraulic motors kwaye ivumela umqhubi ukuba abeke i-excavator kwindawo yokumba okanye yokulahla izinto kuyo nayiphi na indlela.
- I-Track Drive:Abembi bezinto zakudala baneendlela zokuthutha endaweni yamavili. Inkqubo yokuqhuba izithuthi iquka ii-sprockets, ii-track, ii-idlers, kunye nee-rollers. Ii-sprockets zidibana nee-track, kwaye ii-hydraulic motors ziqhuba ezi ndlela, zivumela i-excavator ukuba ihambe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
- Uthumelo:Abembi banokuba nenkqubo yokudlulisa amandla esuka kwinjini ukuya kwiimpompo ze-hydraulic kunye neemoto. Le transmission iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okuhamba kakuhle kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwenkqubo ye-hydraulic.
- Injini:Ii-excavator zisebenza ngeenjini zedizili, ezibonelela ngamandla afunekayo ehashe ukuze kusebenze inkqubo ye-hydraulic, ii-track drives, kunye nezinye izinto. Injini inokuba ngasemva okanye ngaphambili kwe-excavator, kuxhomekeke kwimodeli.
- Ikhabhathi kunye noLawulo:Ikhabhathi yomqhubi inezixhobo zokulawula kunye nezixhobo zokusebenzisa umgubungeli. Iigiya ezifana neejoysticks, iipedali, kunye neeswitshi zivumela umqhubi ukuba alawule intshukumo ye-boom, ingalo, ibhakethi, kunye neminye imisebenzi.
- Ibhakethi kunye nezincamathiselo:Abembi banokuxhotyiswa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu beebhakethi zokumba, kunye nezinto zokuncamathisela ezifana neegrapples, iihammer zehydraulic, kunye neethupha zemisebenzi ekhethekileyo. Ii-couplers ezikhawulezayo okanye iinkqubo ze-hydraulic zivumela ukunamathela kunye nokwahlulahlula kwezi zixhobo lula.
- Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwesithuthi:Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuqhuba umkhondo, ii-excavator zinezixhobo ezingaphantsi kwesithuthi ezifana nee-track tensioners, ii-track frames, kunye nezihlangu ze-track. Ezi zixhobo zixhasa ubunzima be-excavator kwaye zibonelela ngozinzo ngexesha lokusebenza.
Ezi zixhobo kunye nezixhobo zisebenza kunye ukuze i-excavator yenze imisebenzi emininzi ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. Ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nobude bexesha le-excavator kwiindawo zokusebenza ezinzima.
IiGiya zeKreyini yeNqaba
Ii-Tower cranes ziimatshini ezintsonkothileyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni izakhiwo ezinde kunye nezakhiwo. Nangona zingasebenzisi izixhobo zemveli ngendlela efanayo nezithuthi zeemoto okanye oomatshini bemizi-mveliso, zixhomekeke kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwee-tower cranes:
- Izixhobo zokuSlewing:Iikhreyini zeTower zifakelwe kwinqaba ethe nkqo, kwaye zinokujikeleza (zityibilike) ngokuthe tye ukuze zifikelele kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwindawo yokwakha. Isixhobo sokusika sinegiya enkulu yeringi kunye negiya yepinion eqhutywa yimoto. Le nkqubo yegiya ivumela ikhreyini ukuba ijikeleze kakuhle nangokuchanekileyo.
- Indlela Yokuphakamisa:Ii-Tower cranes zinendlela yokuphakamisa nokwehlisa imithwalo enzima zisebenzisa intambo yocingo kunye nesigubhu sokuphakamisa. Nangona zingengomagiya kuphela, ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukuphakamisa nokwehlisa umthwalo. Indlela yokuphakamisa inokubandakanya i-gearbox yokulawula isantya kunye ne-torque yomsebenzi wokuphakamisa.
- Indlela Yokusebenzisa Itroli:Ii-Tower cranes zihlala zine-trolley mechanism ehambisa umthwalo ngokuthe tye ecaleni kwe-jib (horizontal boom). Le mechanism idla ngokuba ne-trolley motor kunye ne-gear system evumela umthwalo ukuba ubekwe ngokuchanekileyo ecaleni kwe-jib.
- Izinto ezichaseneyo:Ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo kunye nokulinganisela ngelixa kuphakanyiswa imithwalo enzima, ii-tower cranes zisebenzisa ii-counterweights. Ezi zihlala zifakelwa kwi-counter-jib eyahlukileyo kwaye zinokulungiswa njengoko kufuneka. Nangona zingezizo ii-gears ngokwazo, ii-counterweights zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-crane iyonke.
- Inkqubo yokuQhekeka:Ii-Tower cranes zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokuqhobosha ukulawula intshukumo yomthwalo kunye nokujikeleza kwe-crane. Ezi nkqubo zihlala ziquka iindlela ezininzi zokuqhobosha, ezifana nee-disc brakes okanye ii-drum brakes, ezinokuthi zisebenze ngamanzi okanye ngoomatshini.
- Iinkqubo zoLawulo:Iikreyini zeTower zisebenza kwikhabhathi ekufutshane nomphezulu wetower. Iinkqubo zolawulo ziquka ii-joysticks, amaqhosha, kunye nezinye iindlela zokunxibelelana ezivumela umqhubi ukuba alawule iintshukumo kunye nemisebenzi yekreyini. Nangona zingezizo iigiya, ezi nkqubo zolawulo zibalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwekreyini.
Nangona ii-tower cranes zingasebenzisi izixhobo zemveli ngendlela efanayo nezinye iintlobo zoomatshini, zixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo, iindlela, kunye nezinto ukuze zenze imisebenzi yazo yokuphakamisa nokubeka izinto ngokuchanekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo.
Izixhobo zokwakha ezingaphezulu apho iBelon Gears
