Unyango Lobushushu BeCarburizing kwiGears: Ukuphucula Amandla, Ukuqina kunye Nokusebenza

Kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje zokuhambisa umbane, kulindeleke ukuba iigiya zisebenze phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo, imithwalo enzima, isantya esitshintshayo, kunye nemijikelo yokusebenza emide. Iintsimbi ze-alloy zemveli, nokuba zinobunzima obuhle, zihlala zingenakukwazi ukumelana nokusetyenziswa okunzima ngaphandle kokusilela komphezulu, ukuqhekeka kwamazinyo, ukukrwitshwa, ukuguguleka, kunye nokuqhekeka kokudinwa. Ukuze koyiswe le mingeni, unyango lobushushu luba linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekwenzeni izixhobo, kwaye phakathi kwazo zonke iindlela,i-carburizingIbonakala njengenye yeenkqubo zokuqinisa umphezulu ezisebenzayo kakhulu.

I-Carburizing (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-case hardening) yindlela yokwenza i-metallurgical engenisa ikhabhoni kumaleko womphezulu weegiya zentsimbi kubushushu obuphezulu. Emva kokucima, umphezulu uguquka ube yi-martensitic case eqinileyo ngelixa umbindi ugcina ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokutshayiswa. Olu dibaniso luqinile ngaphandle, luqinile ngaphakathi Yiyo loo nto iigiya ezine-carburised zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiitransmission zeemoto, kwiibhokisi zegiya zoshishino, koomatshini abanzima, kwizixhobo zemigodi, kwii-aerospace drives, nakwiirobhothi.

Yintoni iCarburizing?

I-Carburizing lunyango lobushushu olusekelwe ekusasazweni olwenziwa kumaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo aphakathi kwe-880°C – 950°C. Ngexesha lenkqubo, iigiya ziyafudunyezwa kwindawo ezele yikhabhoni. Iiathom zekhabhoni ziyasasazeka ziye kumaleko womphezulu wentsimbi, oko kwandisa umxholo wayo wekhabhoni. Emva kokuntywila ixesha elifunekayo, iigiya ziyacinywa ngokukhawuleza ukuze zenze i-martensitic case eqinileyo.

Ubunzulu bokungena kwekhabhoni bubizwa ngokuba bubunzulu bekhephu, kwaye bunokulawulwa ngamaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo, ixesha lokubamba, kunye nekhono lekhabhoni. Ngokubanzi, ubunzulu bekhephu ekujoliswe kulo buqala kwi-0.8 mm ukuya kwi-2.5 mm, kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso, ubungakanani begiya, kunye nomthamo womthwalo ofunekayo.

Kutheni iiGear zifuna iCarburizing?

I-Carburizing ayipheleli nje ekonyuseni ubulukhuni, kodwa iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwiimeko zokwenyani zokusebenza. Iingenelo eziphambili ziquka:

1. Ukumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu
   Umphezulu oqinileyo uthintela ukuguguleka, ukuqhekeka kwemingxuma, ukuchitheka kancinci, kunye nomonakalo wokudinwa komphezulu.

2. Umthamo ophezulu wokuthwala umthwalo
   Iigiya ezine-carburised zinokuthwala imithwalo enzima kwaye zidlulise i-torque ephezulu ngaphandle kokuguquka.

3. Amandla Okugoba Amazinyo Aphuculweyo
   I-ductile core ethambileyo ifunxa ukutshayiswa kunye nokubetha, inciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamazinyo.

4. Ubomi bokudinwa obuphezulu
   Iigiya ezinekhabhoni zinokusebenza iiyure ezininzi kwiimeko zomjikelo ophezulu.

5. Ukunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu
   Ukubandakanyeka kwamazinyo okuthambileyo kuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa okuzolileyo nokugcina amandla esetyenziswa kakuhle.

Ngenxa yezi nzuzo, i-carburizing iye yaba yindlela eqhelekileyo yonyango lobushushuiimotoizixhobo, ngakumbiiigiya zebhevel, iigiya ezijikelezayo, iigiya ezijikelezayo, iigiya ezihlukeneyo, kunye neeshafti zokudlulisela.

Inkqubo yeCarburizing Inyathelo ngeNyathelo

Inkqubo epheleleyo yokwenza i-carburing ibandakanya izigaba ezahlukeneyo, nganye ichaphazela ukusebenza kokugqibela:

1. Ukufudumala kwangaphambili kunye nokuVuselela

Iigiya zifudunyezwa ukuya kubushushu be-carburizing apho intsimbi iguquka ibe yi-austenite. Olu lwakhiwo luvumela ikhabhoni ukuba isasazeke lula.

2. Ukusasazwa kweKhabhoni kunye noKwakhiwa kweTyala

Iigiya zigcinwe kwindawo etyebileyo kwikhabhoni (igesi, i-vacuum, okanye i-solid carburizing agent). Iiathom zekhabhoni ziyasasazeka ngaphakathi, zenze i-case eqinileyo emva kokucima.

3. Ukucima

Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kuguqula umaleko womphezulu wekhabhoni ephezulu ube yi-martensite—iqine kakhulu kwaye ayigugi.

4. Ukulinganisela

Emva kokucima, kufuneka ukufudumala ukuze kuncitshiswe ukubuthathaka, kuphuculwe ukuqina, kwaye kuzinziswe isakhiwo esincinci.

5. Umatshini Wokugqibela / Ukusila

Iigiya ezicocwa ngobushushu zihlala zigqityezelwa okanye zilaphulwe ukuze kufezekiswe i-geometry echanekileyo yamazinyo, ipateni yokuthintana egudileyo, kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lwengxolo.

Iintlobo zeCarburizing zeeGiya

Kuye kwaphuhliswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe bokufaka ii-carburizing, nganye ineenzuzo zayo ezikhethekileyo.

Phakathi kwabo,i-vacuum carburizingithandwa kakhulu kwiigiya ezichanekileyo ngenxa yokuba isasazwa ngokulinganayo kwiibhokisi zayo, inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kwaye ayiguquguquki kangako.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokulungisa iikhabhoni

Ayizizo zonke iintsimbi ezilungele ukusetyenziswa kwekhabhoni. Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ziintsimbi ze-alloy ezinekhabhoni encinci ezinokuqina okuhle kunye nokuqina okuphakathi.

Iintsimbi ze-carburizing eziqhelekileyo:

• 16MnCr5

• 20CrMnTi

• Intsimbi ye-8620/4320

• 18CrNiMo7-6

• I-SCM415 / I-SCM420

Ezi ntsimbi zivumela ukuqina kwebhokisi enzulu ngelixa zigcina umbindi oqinileyo, othambileyo—ulungele izixhobo ezinzima.

Izinto eziBalulekileyo kwiGear eziKhabhayithiweyo

Ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, kufuneka kulawulwe izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

1. Uxinzelelo lwekhabhoni engaphezulu

2. Ubunzulu betyala obusebenzayo (i-ECD)

3. Inqanaba le-austenite eligciniweyo

4. Ukugqwetheka kunye nokuzinza kobukhulu

5. Ukufana kokuqina (58–62 HRC phezu komhlaba)

Inkqubo yokulawula kakuhle i-carburing iqinisekisa ukuba iigiya zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo iminyaka emininzi ngaphandle kokugcinwa kakhulu.

Ukusetyenziswa kweeGear zeCarburised

I-Carburizing isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini apho ukuthembeka, ukuchaneka, kunye nokunyamezela umthwalo ophezulu kubalulekile:

• Iibhokisi zegiya zeemoto kunye neenkqubo zokwahluka

• Iitrektara, imigodi kunye nezixhobo ezinzima

• Iirobhothi kunye nezixhobo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo

• Iibhokisi zegiya zeturbine yomoya

• Iidrive ze-aerospace kunye neetransmissions ze-turbine

• Iinkqubo zokuqhuba ulwandle

Naphi na apho iigiya kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo, uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lokujikeleza ixesha elide, i-carburizing sesona sisombululo sithembekileyo.

Unyango lobushushu lwe-carburizing luguqula ii-gear zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo zibe zizinto ezisebenza kakuhle ezikwaziyo ukumelana neendawo ezifuna amandla. Le nkqubo iqinisa umphezulu ngokuchasene nokuguguleka kunye nokudinwa ngelixa igcina umongo wangaphakathi oqinileyo ukuze ungachaphazeleki. Njengoko oomatshini beguqukela kubuninzi bamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ii-gear ze-carburizing ziya kuhlala zibubuchwepheshe obuphambili kwiinkqubo zobunjineli banamhlanje kunye nokuhambisa amandla.